Download PDF Introduction Business Development Companies (BDCs) have recently experienced a boom, representing a major expansion in the US middle-market lending and private credit markets. In fact, BDCs now manage approximately $478bn and provide about a quarter of all “direct lending” to US companies. Their growth has bridged the gap Read more…
Download PDF Introduction Venezuela is going through one of the worst political and economic crises in the world. The currency is crashing again, inflation is returning to triple digits, and the president is thought to be the head of a narco-trafficking cartel. Moreover, the United States is increasing sanctions and Read more…
Download PDF Introduction Recent discourse on the US economy has centered on a supposed AI-driven bubble. Nearly $1.5tn is being poured into data centers, microchips, and R&D in 2025, despite vague, circular business models. This has led regulators and experts (e.g., Michael Burry betting against Nvidia [NASDAQ: NVDA] and Palantir Read more…
Download PDF Recently, long-time investor and market sceptic Michael Burry deregistered his hedge fund, Scion Asset Management, effectively stepping away from managing outside capital while remaining active in markets. Almost simultaneously, he re-emerged publicly with a series of posts and a Substack focused on what he characterizes as an AI-driven Read more…
Download PDF USA Following significant increases in stock market enthusiasm, particularly in technology and AI sectors, over the past few weeks, concerns have emerged regarding the sustainability of this growth. Consequently, the market cooled down this week, with the sell-off from the end of last week continuing. Not even Nvidia’s Read more…
Download PDF An Introduction to HFT High-frequency traders (HFTs) account for a large proportion of the trading volume in security markets today. Despite this, there is very little understanding of the overall industry. We believe that you, the reader, should be made aware of this little-known yet massively impactful industry Read more…
Download PDF Introduction The creator of Ozempic, the American pharma giant, biotech start-up, bid after bid, boardrooms and courtrooms… Yes, as you’ve probably guessed already, this article will be talking about the unprecedented takeover battle in pharma sector. Novo Nordisk and Pfizer have put everything on the table in their Read more…
Download PDF Introduction ITV’s [LSE: ITV] future has been the subject of much speculation, having attracted interest from potential buyers such as CVC Capital Partners [AMS: CVC]. However, ITV’s silence was finally broken on November 7, 2025, in a 70-word statement. ITV told shareholders that Comcast-owned [NASDAQ: CMCSA] Sky has Read more…
Download PDF Introduction to Stochastic Volatility Models The distributions of many assets’ price returns tend to show time-varying variance. While returns show little to no persistence in large samples, squared returns exhibit high persistence. Additionally, empirical return distributions tend to show fatter tails than a normal distribution would imply, which Read more…
Download PDF Origins and Historical Growth Beginning in the 1980s, Asian private equity (PE) was still in its infancy. It was supported only by a few hundred million dollars in AUM and had a heavy reliance on public funding. Private limited partners (LPs) were rare, and capital originated mostly from Read more…
Download PDF Introduction Over the past years wearable devices have moved from simple fitness trackers to essential tools to gain data related to health and lifestyle. Driven by an increasing trend in health consciousness, platforms like Garmin and Strava have reached tens of millions of monthly users, while new devices, Read more…
Download PDF Introduction Ownership in sports, once exclusively considered as a passion-fueled play by billionaire individuals, has attracted involvement from institutional investors. In fact, Private Equity and Venture Capital-backed deals in sports services totaled $31.64bn in 2024, representing a 259% growth from the previous year. The global branding, media revenue Read more…
Download PDF Introduction- Understanding The Nature of Bank Liquidity Stress A bank liquidity crunch is a financial situation where banks face a shortage of immediately available cash to meet daily obligations. This shortage of usable liquidity is a funding problem, creating expensive conditions for banks to roll over short-term funding. Read more…
Download PDF Introduction On November 4th, the 34-year-old democratic socialist Zohran Mamdani became the first Muslim mayor-elect of New York City, comfortably defeating the former governor of New York, Andrew Cuomo. Some of his major policy promises throughout his campaign include freezing the rent for all stabilized tenants, providing free Read more…
Download PDF USA The biggest news of the week was delivered on Wednesday when the House passed the agreement to end the government shutdown and President Trump later in the day signed the bill. It marked the end of the longest government shutdown, lasting 43 days, and importantly allowing investors Read more…